Нормативна база ксенобіотиків і токсигенний ризик (проблема надійності ГДК)

Abstract

В работе рассмотрены принципиальные вопросы гигиенического нормирования с учетом современных позиций. Сопоставлены существующие подходы к оценке токсигенного риска при воздействии ксенобиотиков. Проанализировано состояние и предло¬жены пути усовершенствования национальной нормативной базы в области химической безопасности человека.

The main task of modern preventive toxicology is the construction of consistent system of normative human safety under conditions of professional and not professional contact with harmful chemical substances. Concerning this trend, the attempt is taken to carry out constructive critical analysis of the existing normative basis in Ukraine in comparison with international practice of xenobiotics regulation. On this base a theory of systemic regulation of xenobiotics is formulated. The theory operates on the concepts of standards reliability, measurable by their distance from LC50 or from LD50, and of the systematization of standards for population with regard to the standards for those who work, as a numerical correlation between them. The reliability of standards simultaneously serves as common converted characteristics of toxigenic risk (the more reliability - the less risk and vice-versa). Under realistic approach stated demands rationally should be brought into practice of scientific investigation, and current standards of priority substances (first of all carcinogens) in the case of rejection of these claims, should be brought in reasonable balance with them and with correlated risk value