Особенности гендерных исследований на постсоветском пространстве

Abstract

Данная статья посвящена изучению проблематики современных гендерных исследований, в частности особенностям их проведения на постсоветском пространстве. В статье представляется обзор процесса становления гендерных исследований как направления в западной и постсоветской социолингвистике.

Дана стаття присвячена вивченню проблематики сучасних гендерних досліджень, зокрема особливостям їх проведення на пострадянському просторі. У статті надається огляд процесу становлення гендерних досліджень як напряму в західній і пострадянській соціолінгвістиці.

The term “gender studies” has been invented not long ago. It appeared in 1980s when European and North American universities opened departments for researching this problem. At the same time a number of associations and research centers were established for thorough studies on gender problems. At the same time they were imported to Soviet Union as a part of a big political problem. Sociolinguistics is one of the areas in language studies that attracts a lot of attention from scholars. Problems of gender and age differences, language politics and second language acquisition are among those questions that are still of a great interest. Gender studies have their origins in antiquity, when language began to appear the first opposition associated with biological sex. It is known that gender studies are revealed in three aspects: linguistic, communicative and culture science. Study of peculiarities of the communicative behavior of men and women allow modern linguists to penetrate deeper into the essence of the processes. The following article is devoted to the analysis of gender studies held in the post-Soviet countries. The authors analysed the main differences between the gender studies undertaken in the USA, Europe, and the post-Soviet-countries. The main differences in understanding the term “gender” and its characteristics are explained through the cultural and historical differences of those countries. The main feature of Soviet gender linguistics, however, is that the feminists’ approach was almost non-present in the works of our scientists. In future it would be interesting to make a similar investigation of the tendencies in German and British gender studies in diachronical aspect.