Перші карти українських земель з політико-адміністративним поділом

Abstract

Перші карти українських земель з політико-адміністративним поділом. Розглянуто перші карти українських земель із зображенням політико-адміністративного розмежування. Проведено докладний аналіз територіального розмежування українських земель на картах в атласах А. Ортелія і Ґ. Меркатора. Виявлено численні неточності у проходженні кордонів і меж, у назвах адміністративних одиниць. Звернено увагу на способи зображення кордонів й адміністративних меж.

The author highlights the first maps of the Ukrainian territories as parts of different states with the political and administrative division marked. These maps were issued in 16th century. The author also highlights how the state and administrative borders at the Ukrainian lands are shown on “The Southern Sarmatia” map by Polisk cartographer B.Vapovsky (1526) and on the wall map of the Europe by Dutch cartographer G. Mercator (1554). It is also some maps by M. Waldseemüller, S. Münster, D. Gastaldi, on which the names of some administrative parts are written, are mentioned. A detailed analysis of the territorial delineation of Ukrainian lands on maps in the atlases A. Orteliya (maps of Poland V. Grodetsky and A. Pograbki), on maps of Lithuania and Tavrika of Chersonesos in atlases of G. Mercator, including their numerous subsequent editions. Many inaccuracies were detected both in the passage of borders and administrative boundaries, and in the names of administrative units in the Ukrainian territories. Attention is drawn to the ways in which borders and administrative boundaries are portrayed, their symbolic designations. To display the state boundaries and the voivodships, one common symbol was used - a line from points or from small triangles. The author found out that the mapping of the political and administrative division of territories on maps in 16th century was not in the focus of the cartographers. The new editions of the maps and atlases did not include the up to date information about changes in this sphere, they could be issued without changes for decades. Maps publishers often copied inaccurate and unchecked information from each other. This led to multiplying the numerous mistakes and inaccuracies. Such works can not be used as cartographic sources for mapping historical themes.