Macroscopic simulation of atom-sized structures of functional materials: phenomenology of the elongated electrode system

Abstract

A new phenomenological approach is proposed to formalize "the elongated element" as electrochemical medium in which electrode reactions are localized on the surface of an elongated first-class conductor with the outline dimensions ratio (d/lel)→0, where d is the effective cross section size and lel is the length of the conductor in contact with a second-class conductor. This architecture of electrochemical system is used to develop ultrasensitive broadly functional sensor devices. The object under consideration can become the basis for creation of state-of-the-art, yet inexpensive, technologies for synthesizing functional atom-sized structures and nanostructured materials.