О виртуализации рабочих мест и их компонентов при построении компьютерных систем и сетей

Abstract

Рассмотрен круг вопросов, связанных с виртуализацией рабочих мест и их компонентов – преимущества виртуального рабочего места перед обычными системами, основные этапы построения виртуальных машин и рабочих мест, а также даны понятия виртуального процессора, виртуальной памяти и виртуальных средств ввода/вывода. Приведены примеры структурной схемы виртуального офиса и виртуальной компьютерной системы, а также пример основных сред программ виртуальных машин.

Розглянуто питання, пов'язані з віртуалізацією робочих місць та їх компонентів – переваги віртуального робочого місця перед звичайними системами, основні етапи побудови віртуальних машин і робочих місць, а також дано поняття віртуального процесора, віртуальної пам'яті та віртуальних засобів вводу/виводу Подано приклади структурної схеми віртуального офісу, віртуальної комп'ютерної системи, а також приклад основних середовищ програм віртуальних машин.

Purpose. Introduction of the virtual workplaces infrastructure is becoming the dominating tendency. On the basis of the modern information technologies, essentially new types of the organizations – virtual which in comparison with the usual physical systems have a number of advantages are created. The main are the following: installation possibility on one computer of several OS; working with several OS simultaneously without system reboot; saving time for structure changing and establishing new OS; isolation of the real equipment from undesirable influence of the software; increasing of the system safety, etc. Besides, it gives the possibility to realize the concept “any place, any time, any device” (possibility to work from any place, at any time and from any device). It is confirm that the occurrence of the multinuclear processors and the creation on their basis the virtual systems will give a powerful additional impulse to mass introduction of the virtual technologies at the various levels. Methods. In spite of the fact that the sources of the publication are foreign, its complex approach to the problem of virtualization is useful for developers of the virtual workplaces and systems as it mentions the set of the aspects connected with the designing of new information technology on the new base. Thus, the basic stages of the virtual cars and virtual workplaces construction and the definition of the virtual cars requirements are designated. Results. The examples of the block diagramme of the virtual office and virtual computer system are presented, and also the example of the basic environment (systems of programmes of the virtual cars is allocated. Thus, it is possible to consider the construction of virtual workplaces as the complex discipline connected with working out of the equipment, operational systems and applied programs. Conclusion. The concepts of a virtual workplace, the virtual processor, virtual memory and virtual means of input–output are given. 9 types and 13 classes of virtual processors are resulted, the detailed information on virtual memory is given, the advantages of the virtual interface of input–output comparing with the other types of interfaces are shown.