История формирования караимских общин в городах южного берега Крыма (середина XIX – начало XX вв. )

Abstract

В статье проанализированы данные о формировании караимских общин городах Южного берега Крыма в середине XIX – начале XX вв., рассмотрены статистические сведения, проанализирована роль караимов в экономическом и культурном развитии региона.

У статті проаналізовані дані про формування караїмських громад в містах Південного берега Криму в середині XIX – на початку XX ст., розглянуті статистичні відомості, проаналізована роль караїмів в економічному і культурному розвитку регіону.

This publication is aimed at the analysis of the numerical strength of Karaite’s communities of South Bank of Crimea in the Second Half of Nineteenth – Early Twentieth Centuries, statistical information is considered about Karaite’s communities of the this region, and a role of Karaites is in economic and cultural development of region. Demographic statistics in Karaite communities and the geography of settlement of the Karaites are examined. Materials of Russian censuses of the population of the Second Half of Nineteenth – Early Twentieth Centuries, statistic reviews, reports and data published in various reference books, guide books, address-calendars as well as in «Memorial books» of Taurida provinces, archive documents; some of them and data revealed in pre-revolutionary periodicals are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The author came to the conclusion that in the period since the second half of the Second Half of Nineteenth – Early Twentieth Centuries the number of the representatives of Karaite communities of Taurida province began to increase gradually. The statistics was changing in connection with the indexes of birth and death rates as well as a result of internal migration of Karaite population on the territory of the Taurida provinces and some region of Russisn Empire. During the Nineteenth century the Karaites from traditional places of residence started to settle in town of south bank of Crimea. By the end of the 19th century population of the Karaite in Yalta measured up to 177 people. Despite some negative moments connected with the work of departments of statistic control to get data (bureaucracy of officials, imperfection of methods of statistics record, etc), the data of censuses are the source of information on statistics of Karaite population of the towns of the South Bank of Crimea of the Second Half of Nineteenth – Early Twentieth Centuries.