http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua:80/handle/123456789/199356 2026-04-24T13:37:31Z 2026-04-24T13:37:31Z http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua:80/handle/123456789/199553 2024-10-15T13:30:28Z 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z

До 70-річчя Любомира Павловича Михайлини

2023-01-01T00:00:00Z Яковишина, Я.М. http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua:80/handle/123456789/199552 2024-10-15T13:30:19Z 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z

Адам Кіркор: відкриття та перші дослідження трипільських памʼяток в Україні на Придністер'ї Яковишина, Я.М. Статтю присвячено історії відкриття та дослідження перших трипільських пам’яток на Придністер’ї, які здійснив археолог А. Кіркор. Представлено їх сучасну інтерпретацію.; It is well known that the Trypillia culture in Ukraine was singled out by Vincenc Chvojka (Vikentii Khvoika — in Ukrainian) based on his research in the Dnipro region at the end of the 19th century. However, a little earlier, the same sites were studied in Eastern Galicia, Dnister region, by Polish researchers: Adam Kirkor, Izydor Kopernicki, Władysław Przybysławski, and Gotfryd Ossowski. The territory, where Trypillian settlements were discovered, at that time, belonged to two empires — Russian and Austro-Hungarian, so the culture had different names in the Dnipro region and the Dnister region. In Galicia, they became known under the name of the Painted Pottery culture, whereas the sites in the Dnipro valley were called the Trypillia culture by V. Chvojka. Nowadays it is a cultural and historical community of Cucuteni-Trypillia culture. The first reports of the Trypillian antiquities discovery are dated to the 1820s, but full-fledged research had began in 1876 by the Krakow archaeologist Adam Kirkor. For five seasons (1876—1878, 1881, 1882), the researcher had been studying rocky and cave sites of the Dnister region; he collected fossils and fossil remains of animals. Adam had excavated the burials of the Globular Amphora culture and initiated the excavations of the barrows of the Early Scythian period in the Middle Dnister region. During the exploration, he examined several Trypillian settlements (Vasylkivtsi, Verkhniakivtsi, Horodnytsia, Zhabyntsi, Kozachchyna, Lychkivtsi, Lanivtsi, Sukhostav, Yabluniv) and the Verteba cave near Bilche-Zolote village. The researcher managed to record the positioning of the Trypillian dwellings’ remains in circles and straight lines. A. Kirkor interpreted these settlements as a burnt Pagan burial ground. The first Trypillia sites discovered in the Dnister region were associated with the periphery of ancient civilisation and the squares were interpreted as burnt cemeteries, which was a tribute to the scientific trends of that time. Such opinions are not surprising and are explained by the fact that the researchers encountered the Trypillian antiquities for the first time, and the ideas about their dating and purpose were quite conventional. The scholar had taken the materials he excavated during the trips, to Krakow. Today, these finds are kept in the Archaeological Museum of Krakow.

2023-01-01T00:00:00Z Щепаченко, В.І. http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua:80/handle/123456789/199551 2024-10-15T13:30:09Z 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z

Скляні чаші з оплавленим краєм вінець у черняхівській культурі: проблема походження Щепаченко, В.І. Статтю присвячено вивченню проблеми походження однієї з груп черняхівського скляного посуду — чаш із оплавленим краєм вінець. Метою дослідження є пошук імовірних центрів, що можуть претендувати на роль місця виготовлення таких виробів, у межах доступної сьогодні інформації про розвиток склоробного ремесла в черняхівській культурі та сусідніх римських провінціях.; In the article a research devoted to the problem of origin of hemispherical glass cups with fire-rounded rims discovered within the Cherniakhiv culture area is presented. These finds may be compared to a certain extent to Western European vessels of Eggers 199, 202, 205-206 types or the so-called Bodenrippenschale and Faßschale (after G. Rau) as well as cups of Werbkowice and Weklice types according to T. Stawiarska. Although, the Cherniakhiv artefacts are quite diverse in terms of their ornamental design, they are very similar referring to their morphology as well as finishing and decoration techniques. This fact, besides their identical chronological position and the same distribution pattern allow considering the mentioned items as a single glassware group and assuming their common origin. The conducted investigation demonstrates that at the end of the late Roman time (stage C3) the Cherniakhiv glass cups with fire-rounded rims were an original typological group of vessels, which had no synchronous analogues outside their distribution area. Although, the products that are similar to them in the technological point of view, occurred earlier in European Barbaricum, Roman provinces and antique centres of the Northern Black Sea region as well as at the end of the late Roman time in the Crimea. Taking into account the typological uniqueness and chronology of the Cherniakhiv finds as well as the absence of similar glassware among the products of synchronous glass-making centres of the neighbouring Roman provinces, it can be assumed that the most likely place of their origin was the Komariv workshop. The glass cups with fire-rounded rims are considered one of the items produced in this workshop. The artefacts that have close parallels among Cherniakhiv cups are also known here. It is worth noting, that the geochemical composition of some Cherniakhiv items finds close analogues between raw material and glassworking waste from Komariv, which is further evidence in favour of this hypothesis. The Roman origin of the Cherniakhiv cups, due to their morphological difference and chronological asynchrony with technologically similar products of the Roman glass-working centers, seems unlikely to us. Nevertheless, despite certain morphological differences, some early types of Western and Northern European artefacts, as well as Roman provincial glassware could serve as prototypes for the Cherniakhiv finds.

2023-01-01T00:00:00Z Себта, Т.М. Тарасенко, М.О. Сорокіна, С.А. http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua:80/handle/123456789/199550 2024-10-15T13:29:51Z 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z

Фотонегативи давньоєгипетської збірки Центрального Історичного Музею ім. Т. Г. Шевченка: Рецензія на монографію Романової О. О. і Станіциної Г. О. "Стародавній Єгипет у Києві: відображення на склі (колекція скляних фотонегативів Наукового архіву Інституту археології НАН України)". Київ, 2021 Себта, Т.М.; Тарасенко, М.О.; Сорокіна, С.А. Стаття-рецензія спростовує висновки монографії-каталога О. О. Романової і Г. О. Станиціної стосовно виникнення та походження збірки скляних негативів із зображеннями давньоєгипетських пам’яток у Науковому архіві Інституту археології НАН України, уточнює й доповнює визначення окремих пам’яток. Рецензенти доводять, що негативи, як і зображені на них єгипетські старожитності, походили з довоєнного зібрання Центрального історичного музею ім. Т. Г. Шевченка (нині Національний музей історії України).; The article reviews the monograph-catalogue O. O. Romanova and H. O. Stanytsina Ancient Egypt in Kyiv: mirrored on Glass (the Glass Photonegatives Collection of the Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine). This book is dedicated to the introduction into academic circulation of a collection of glass photonegatives depicting ancient Egyptian objects from the Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. 143 negatives and photographs of ancient Egyptian items were collected; they were published and provided with catalogue data and comments. Significant work has been done on the attribution of objects depicted on the negatives. Noting the importance of visual material introduced, the research part of the monograph, however, contains significant intentional or unintentional lacunae regarding the existing base of Ukrainian researches on the topic. The Egyptological part of the work has also a certain number of completely or partially erroneous attributions and statements and ignores existing academic publications on the subject. The reviewers came to somewhat different conclusions regarding the reason for the formation of the discussed collection of negatives, specified the circumstances, time and place of their creation, differently defined individual ancient Egyptian objects and the provenance of some of them (for example, the “shabti-box” on the photonegatives (now lost) is actually a canopic box). Documents from the Scientific Archive of the National Museum of the History of Ukraine are of great importance for revising the conclusions of the monograph. An excerpt from the inventory book of negatives is published, which demonstrates that the collection was created at the Taras Shevchenko National Historical Museum in the process of preparing an exhibition of ancient Egyptian artefacts.

2023-01-01T00:00:00Z